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Chapter 1 PC Basic1

1.1 Text1

1.1.1 Storage1

1.1.2 Outer Hardware4

1.2 Notes6

1.2.1 Keywords6

1.2.2 Exercise8

1.3 Related Topics8

计算机英语漫谈8

1.4 Additional Reading10

Flash Memory10

1.4.1 The Basics10

1.4.2 Removable Flash Memory Cards11

1.4.3 SmartMedia11

1.4.4 CompactFlash12

1.5 Text Translation13

Chapter 2 How Computer Monitors Work17

2.1 Text17

2.1.1 The Basics17

2.1.2 Display Technology Background18

2.1.3 Display Technologies:VGA18

2.1.4 Display Technology:DVI19

2.1.5 Viewable Area19

2.1.6 Maximum Resolution and Dot Pitch19

2.1.7 Dot Pitch20

2.1.8 Refresh Rate20

2.1.9 Color Depth21

2.1.10 Power Consumption21

2.1.11 Monitor Trends:Flat Panels22

2.2 Notes22

2.2.1 Keywords24

2.2.2 Exercise25

2.3 Addional Reading25

Liquid Crystal Display25

2.3.1 Brief History27

2.3.2 Transmissive and Reflective Displays27

2.3.3 Color Displays28

2.3.4 Passive-matrix and Active-matrix28

2.3.5 Quality Control28

2.3.6 Zero-power Displays29

2.3.7 Drawbacks29

2.4 Text Translation30

计算机显示器是如何工作的？30

Chapter 3 How Cell Phones Work35

3.1 Text35

3.1.1 Cell-phone Frequencies36

3.1.2 Cell-phone Channels37

3.1.3 Analog Cell Phones38

3.1.4 Along Comes Digital39

3.1.5 Inside a Digital Cell Phone39

3.2 Notes42

3.2.1 Keywords42

3.2.2 Exercise43

3.3 Related Material43

科技英语概述43

3.4 Additional Reading47

Cell Phone47

3.4.1 History48

3.4.2 Handsets50

3.5 Text Translation54

手机如何工作54

Chapter 4 Digital Camera Basics60

4.1 Text60

4.1.1 How does Digital Camera Work?60

4.1.2 CCD and CMOS:Filmless Cameras60

4.1.3 Digital Camera Resolution62

4.1.4 Capturing Color63

4.1.5 Digital Photography Basics63

4.1.6 Megapixel Ratings64

4.1.7 Digital Camera Settings and Modes65

4.1.8 Shutter Speed65

4.2 Notes66

4.2.1 Keywords67

4.2.2 Exercise68

4.3 Related Topics69

科技英语概述（续）69

4.4 Additional Reading73

How to Take Good Photos73

4.4.1 Digital Camera Problems74

4.4.2 Image Editing Software74

4.5 Text Translation77

Chapter 5 How Bits and Bytes Work82

5.1 Text82

5.1.1 Decimal Numbers82

5.1.2 Bits83

5.1.3 Bytes84

5.1.4 Bytes:ASCII84

5.1.5 Standard ASCII Character Set85

5.1.6 Lots of Bytes86

5.1.7 Binary Math86

5.1.8 Quick Recap87

5.2 Notes87

5.3 Related Topics87

英语数字书写规则87

5.4 Additional Reading89

How Boolean Logic Works89

5.4.1 Simple Gates90

5.4.2 Simple Adders93

5.4.3 Flip Flops96

5.4.4 Implementing Gates98

5.5 Text Translation100

位和字节是怎样工作的100

Chapter 6 Microprocessors105

6.1 Text105

6.1.1 Microprocessor History105

6.1.2 Microprocessor Progression106

6.1.3 Inside a Microprocessor107

6.1.4 Microprocessor Instructions109

6.1.5 Decoding Microprocessor Instructions113

6.1.6 Microprocessor Performance113

6.1.7 Microprocessor Trends114

6.1.8 64-bit Processors114

6.2 Notes115

6.3 Related Topics115

翻译方法简述115

6.4 Additional Reading118

E-commerce118

6.4.1 Commerce118

6.4.2 The Elements of Commerce119

6.4.3 Why the Hype?121

6.4.4 The Dell Example122

6.4.5 The Lure of E-commerce123

6.4.6 Easy and Hard Aspects of E-commerce124

6.4.7 Building an E-commerce Site124

6.4.8 Affiliate Programs125

6.4.9 Implementing an E-commerce Site126

6.5 Text Translation127

微处理器概述127

Chapter 7 Application Software135

7.1 Text135

7.1.1 What is Software135

7.1.2 Programming Languages135

7.1.3 Libraries137

7.1.4 The Program Development Process138

7.1.5 Writing your Own Programs140

7.2 Notes140

7.3 Related Topics141

词义的选择141

7.4 Additional Reading143

Computer Software143

7.4.1 Relationship to Hardware143

7.4.2 System and Application Software144

7.4.3 Users See Three Layers of Software144

7.4.4 Software Creation145

7.4.5 Software in Operation145

7.4.6 Software Reliability145

7.4.7 Software Patents145

7.4.8 System Software145

7.5 Text Transition146

应用软件146

Chapter 8 Compiler150

8.1 Text150

8.1.1 Introduction to Compiler150

8.1.2 Introduction and History150

8.1.3 Types of Compilers151

8.1.4 Compiled vs.Interpreted Languages152

8.1.5 Compiler Design152

8.1.6 Compiler Front End153

8.1.7 Compiler Back End153

8.1.8 Notes154

8.1.9 References154

8.2 Notes154

8.3 Related Topics155

翻译中的直译和意译155

8.4 Additional Reading158

Assembly Language158

8.4.1 Assemblers158

8.4.2 Assembly Language160

8.4.3 Machine Instructions161

8.4.4 Assembly Language Directives162

8.4.5 Usage of Assembly Language162

8.4.6 Cross Compiler163

8.4.7 Compiling a Gcc Cross Compiler163

8.5 Text Translation164

编译器164

Chapter 9 How Java Works168

9.1 Text168

9.1.1 A Little Terminology169

9.1.2 Downloading the Java Compiler169

9.1.3 Your First Program171

9.1.4 Understanding What Just Happened173

9.2 Notes175

9.3 Related Topics176

词法和句法翻译技巧简介176

9.4 Additional Reading178

How Perl Works178

9.4.1 Getting Started178

9.4.2 Hello World178

9.4.3 Variables180

9.4.4 Loops and Ifs181

9.4.5 Functions182

9.4.6 Reading183

9.5 Text Translation184

Java是如何工作的184

Chapter 10 Database＆C++190

10.1 Text190

Choosing Visual C++ as Your Database Development Platform191

10.2 Notes193

10.3 Related Topics194

加／减词译法194

10.4 Additional Reading197

C++197

10.4.1 Technical Overview197

10.4.2 Features Introdluced in C++197

10.4.3 C++ Library198

10.4.4 Object-oriented Features of C++199

10.4.5 Design of C++202

10.4.6 History of C++203

10.4.7 C++ is not a Superset of C205

10.5 Text Translation205

数据库与VC++205

Chapter 11 Artificial Intelligence209

11.1 Text209

11.1.1 Overview209

11.1.2 Strong AI and Weak AI209

11.1.3 History Development of AI Theory212

11.1.4 Experimental AI Research213

11.2 Notes214

11.3 Related Topics216

英汉词汇的比较216

11.4 Additional Reading219

Alan Turing219

11.4.1 Childhood and Youth219

11.4.2 College and his Work on Computability220

11.4.3 Cryptanalysis(Code Breaking)221

11.4.4 Work on Early Computers and the Turing Test222

11.4.5 Work on Pattern Formation and Mathematical Biology223

11.4.6 Prosecution for Homosexuality and Turing's Death223

11.5 Text Translation223

人工智能223

Chapter 12 Neural Network228

12.1 Text228

12.1.1 Structure229

12.1.2 Advantages230

12.1.3 Applications230

12.1.4 Types of Neural Networks231

12.1.5 Relation to Optimization Techniques235

12.2 Notes235

12.3 Related Topics236

介词的翻译236

12.4 Additional Reading239

Artificial Intelligence239

12.4.1 Sub-fields of AI Research240

12.4.2 History241

12.4.3 Modern AI243

12.4.4 Micro-World AI244

12.4.5 Applications245

12.4.6 Languages,Programming Style and Software Culture245

12.4.7 AI Research in Various Countries246

12.4.8 United Kingdom246

12.4.9 AI in Business246

12.4.10 Machines Displaying Some Degree of Intelligence247

12.5 Text Translation248

神经网络248

Chapter 13 How DSL Works253

13.1 Text253

13.1.1 Telephone Lines254

13.1.2 Asymmetrical DSL254

13.1.3 Distance Limitations255

13.1.4 Splitting the Signal:CAP256

13.1.5 Splitting the Signal:DMT256

13.1.6 DSL Equipment257

13.1.7 DSL Equipment:Transceiver258

13.1.8 DSL Equipment:DSLAM258

13.2 Notes258

13.3 Related Topics260

科技英语术语260

13.4 Additional Reading262

How Telephones Work262

13.4.1 A Simple Telephone263

13.4.2 A Real Telephone263

13.4.3 The Telephone Network:Wires and Cables264

13.4.4 The Telephone Network:Digitizing and Delivering264

13.4.5 Creating Your Own Telephone Network265

13.4.6 Calling Someone265

13.4.7 Tones266

13.5 Text Translation267

DSL是如何工作的267

Chapter 14 Internet Infrastructure271

14.1 Text271

14.1.1 A Network Example271

14.1.2 Bridging The Divide272

14.1.3 Backbones273

14.1.4 Internet Protocol:IP Addresses＆Domain Name System273

14.1.5 Uniform Resource Locators274

14.1.6 Clients,Servers and Ports275

14.2 Notes276

14.3 Related Topics277

科技英语的常见句型277

14.4 Additional Reading279

Modem279

DNS280

Client-server282

14.5 Text Translation282

Internet基础结构282

Chapter 15 How Internet Search Engines Work286

15.1 Text286

15.1.1 Looking at the Web286

15.1.2 Building the Index289

15.1.3 Building a Search290

15.1.4 Future Search291

15.2 Notes291

15.3 Related Topics293

被动语态的译法293

15.4 Additional Reading296

Internet Explorer296

15.4.1 History296

15.4.2 Features297

15.4.3 Component Architecture298

15.4.4 Usability and Accessibility298

15.4.5 Security Framework298

15.4.6 Standards Support298

15.4.7 Proprietary Extensions299

15.4.8 Criticisms299

15.4.9 Market Adoption299

15.4.10 Industry Adoption300

15.5 Text Translation301

网络搜索引擎工作原理301

Chapter 16 Encryption305

16.1 Text305

16.1.1 In the Key of306

16.1.2 Hash This!307

16.1.3 Are You Authentic?307

16.2 Notes308

16.3 Related Topics310

长句的翻译310

16.4 Additional Reading312

Identity Theft312

16.4.1 Types of Identity Theft312

16.4.2 Stealing Your Identity313

16.4.3 Accessing Your Personal Information314

16.4.4 Public Information314

16.4.5 How To Protect Yourself314

16.4.6 Internet Transactions315

16.4.7 If It Happens To You316

16.4.8 What Congress Is Doing About It317

16.4.9 What the Future Holds317

16.5 Text Translation318

加密术构成及应用318

Chapter 17 Taking a Closer Look at the DCE322

17.1 Text322

17.1.1 Common Threads322

17.1.2 Remote Calls323

17.1.3 Directory Services323

17.1.4 Distributed Security Service324

17.1.5 Distributed File System324

17.1.6 Distributed Time Service325

17.1.7 Extending and Using the DCE325

17.2 Notes326

17.3 Related Topics327

地道与自然327

17.4 Additional Reading329

How to Kerberize Your Site329

17.4.1 Introduction329

17.4.2 Pick a Kerberos Server Machine(kdc)329

17.4.3 DCE and Kerberos330

17.4.4 Install the Kerberos Server330

17.4.5 Obtain the Necessary Code330

17.4.6 Do You Need More Code?330

17.4.7 Building the Gnu Tools331

17.4.8 Building the Gnu C Compiler331

17.4.9 Compiling Kerberos332

17.4.10 For All Platforms334

17.4.11 Configuring the Kerberos kdc334

17.4.12 Setting Up a Host Server337

17.4.13 Domain Names338

17.4.14 Kerberos Clients338

17.4.15 Getting a Ticket for Another Realm338

17.4.16 Kerberos Security Problems339

17.4.17 Kerberos Authentication Option in SSL339

17.4.18 Available Kerberized Goodies340

17.4.19 CygnusKerbnet for NT,Macs,and UNIX340

17.5 Text Translation340

近看DCE340

Chapter 18 How MP3 Files Work344

18.1 Text344

18.1.1 Introduction to MP3 Files344

18.1.2 The MP3 Format345

18.1.3 Using the MP3 Format346

18.1.4 Downloading and Listening347

18.1.5 Creating Your Own348

18.1.6 Distributing Original Music349

18.2 Notes349

18.3 Related Topics350

人名、地名的翻译350

18.4 Additional Reading351

Sound Cards351

18.4.1 Anatomy of a Sound Card351

18.4.2 Catching The Wave353

18.4.3 Producing Sound353

18.4.4 Sound Card Upgrades354

USB Ports354

18.4.5 Introduction354

18.4.6 What is USB?355

18.4.7 Running Out of Ports356

18.4.8 Behind the Scenes356

18.4.9 USB 2.0358

18.5 Text Translation359

MP3文件是如何工作的359

Chapter 19 Shockwave 3-D Technology363

19.1 Text363

19.1.1 Uses of Shockwave Technology364

19.1.2 Making 3-D Content Accessible365

19.1.3 Developing New 3-D Content367

19.2 Notes368

19.3 Related Topics368

科技论文阅读与写作368

19.4 Additional Reading374

Computer Viruses374

19.4.1 Types of Infection374

19.4.2 What's a"Virus"?375

19.4.3 What's a"Worm"375

19.4.4 Code Red376

19.4.5 Early Cases:Executable Viruses377

19.4.6 Boot Sector Viruses377

19.4.7 E-mail Viruses378

19.4.8 Prevention of Virus379

19.4.9 Origins of Virus380

19.4.10 History of Virus381

19.5 Text Translation381

Shockwave三维技术381

Chapter 20 How Playstation 2 Works385

20.1 Text385

20.1.1 History385

20.1.2 Console386

20.1.3 Controller389

20.1.4 Games390

20.2 Notes390

20.3 Related Topics391

科技论文写作（二）391

20.4 Additional Reading394

How Video Game Systems Work394

20.4.1 In Essence394

20.4.2 A Short History395

20.4.3 Game System Basics396

20.4.4 The Games397

20.4.5 Comparing Consoles397

20.4.6 Cool Facts400

20.5 Text Translation401

PlayStation 2游戏机401