ELECTRONICS FOR SCIENTISTS PRINCIPLES AND EXPERIMENTS FOR THOSE WHO USE INSTRUMENTS2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

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Introduction3

Chapter 1 ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS7

1-1 Measurement of Voltage and Current8

1-2 The Moving-Coil Meter10

1-3 The Ammeter13

1-4 The Voltmeter16

1-5 The Ohmmeter18

1-6 The Multimeter21

1-7 The Vacuum-Tube Voltmeter （VTVM）23

1-8 The Oscilloscope26

References36

Problems37

Experiments39

Chapter 2 POWER SUPPLIES47

2-1 General Considerations47

2-2 Scheme for Converting A-C Line Voltage to D-C Voltage48

2-3 Power Transformers50

2-4 Rectifiers51

2-5 Rectifier Circuits60

2-6 Filtering the Rectified Voltage65

2-7 Regulation of the Output D-C Voltage74

2-8 Batteries as Sources of D-C Voltage76

2-9 Conversion of Direct Current to Alternating Current86

References87

Problems87

Experiments89

Chapter 3 AMPLIFICATION BY VACUUM TUBES ANDTRANSISTORS97

3-1 Amplification97

3-2 The Vacuum Triode98

3-3 The Triode Common-Cathode Amplifier101

3-4 The Vacuum Pentode111

3-5 The Pentode Common-Cathode Amplifier114

3-6 The Transistor117

3-7 The Transistor Common-Emitter Amplifier124

3-8 The Cathode-Follower （Common-Collector） Amplifier134

3-9 The Common-Base （Grounded-Grid） Amplifier145

3-10 The Unipolar Field-Effect Transistor （FET）148

References153

Problems153

Experiments156

Chapter 4 AMPLIFIER CIRCUITS161

4-1 Audio Preamplifiers161

4-2 Audio Power Amplifier171

4-3 The Direct-Coupled Amplifier177

4-4 The Difference Amplifier184

4-5 Noise and Distortion in Amplifiers190

4-6 The Radio-Frequency Amplifier198

4-7 Amplifiers with Feedback202

References212

Problems213

Experiments214

Chapter 5 OSCILLATORS223

5-1 General Considerations223

5-2 Feedback Oscillators225

5-3 Sinusoidal Negative-Resistance Oscillators231

5-4 Relaxation Oscillators234

5-5 Oscillator Stabilization239

5-6 Modulation and Demodulation242

Referenses246

Problems246

Experiments247

Chapter 6 COMPARISON MEASUREMENTS251

6-1 The Principles of Comparison Methods251

6-2 Accurate D-C Voltage Measurement by the ComparisonMethod254

6-3 D-C Current Measurement by Comparison Method273

6-4 Resistance Measurement by a Comparison Procedure273

6-5 Impedance Measurement by Comparison Procedures276

6-6 Frequency Measurements by the Comparison Procedure283

References284

Problems284

Experiments286

Chapter 7 SERVO SYSTEMS291

7-1 General Description of Servomechanisms291

7-2 The Automatic Recording Potentiometer—A SimpleServomechanism293

7-3 The Instrument Servomotor295

7-4 The Signal Controller for SerVe Potentiometers298

7-5 Information-Feedback Dev ce for the Servo Potentiometer304

7-6 The Command Signal—Input Transducars306

7-7 Servo Stability—The Dynamics Problem307

7-8 Antihunt Methods316

7-9 Synchro-Generator-Control-Transformer System318

7-10 High-Power Prime Movers and Signal Controllers321

7-11 Standard Block Diagram and Terminology327

7-12 Open-Loop Control329

References329

Problems329

Experiments330

Chutpter 8 OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS FOR MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL341

8-1 An Amplifier Designed for Feedback Control342

8-2 Operational Amplifiersfor Electrical Measurements353

8-3 The Chopper-Stabilized Operational Amplifier359

8-4 The Generation of Precise Voltages and Waveforms364

8-5 The Precise Control of Current and Voltage368

8-6 Computation and Simulation372

8-7 The Regulated Power Supply376

8-8 Contfol for A-C-Operated Loads383

References388

Problems388

Experiments390

Chapter 9 ELECTRONIC SWITCHING AND TIMING AND DIGITAL COUNTING SYSTEMS397

9-1 Counting, Switching, and Timing397

9-2 Characteristics of Pulses and Pulse Amplifiers403

9-3 Wave Shaping by the RC Circuit406

9-4 Diode Switching Circuits411

9-5 Amplification Elements as Switches420

9-6 The Bistable Multivibrator424

9-7 Schmitt Trigger （Cathode-Coupled Bistable Multivibrator）431

9-8 Astable Multivibrator434

9-9 Monostable Multivibrator440

9-10 Blocking Oscillators444

9-11 The Triggered-Sweep Oscilloscope445

9-12 Scalers and Electronic Counters447

9-13 Frequency and Time-Interval Meters452

9-14 Electronic Digital-to-Analog Converters456

9-15 Analog-to-Digital Converters457

References461

Problems461

Experiments463

Supplements469

1 An Integrated System of Instruments, Test Equip-ment, and Rapid-Connect Parts471

S1-1 Wired Test Equipment.EUW-12473

S1-2 Universal Chassis and Parts.EUW-13474

S1-3 Special Experimental Parts.EUW-14489

S1-4 Universal Power Supply.EUW-15493

S1-5 Voltage Reference Source.EUW-16503

Sl-6 Transistorized Power Supply.EUW-17510

S1-7 Laboratory Meter.EUW-18514

S1-8 Operational-Amplifier System.EUW-19516

S1-9 Servo Recorder.EUW-20525

2 D-C Circuits528

S2-1 Resistance529

S2-2 Current532

S2-3 Potential533

S2-4 Series Circuits534

S2-5 Parallel Circuits536

S2-6 Networks537

3 Electrical Signals and Reactive Circuits545

S3-1 Introduction to Signals and Reactive Components546

S3-2 Capacitors554

S3-3 Inductors555

S3-4 Sine-Wave Signals and Reactive Circuits556

S3-5 Nonsinusoidal Signals and Reactive Circuits573

S3-6 Mutual Inductance579

Appendixes583

A Transistor Parameter Equivalents and Interconversion Tables585

B Vacuum-Tube Characteristic Curves589

C Resistors （EIA-JAN Values）595

D Power-Transformer Color Code597

Index599