The rule of law in Japan2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

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Chapter 1 Introduction1

Chapter 2 Foundations of the Legal System7

A) United States7

B) Japan14

1) Pre-Meiji Japan14

2) Meiji Japan's Adoption of Western Legal Models20

C) What You See May Not Be What You Get23

1) 'Restoration'?23

2) A Western Legal System?25

Chapter 3 Constitutional Ideology31

A) United States31

B) Japan35

C) What You See May Not Be What You Get40

1) Executive and Legislative Power40

2) Limits on National Government Powers - Local Government Powers48

3) Limitations on Private Actions Deemed in Violation of the Constitution55

4) Hortatory Rights - Public Welfare Restraints62

Chapter 4 Separation of Church and State67

A) United States67

B) Japan73

C) What You See May Not Be What You Get74

1) Tsu City Case:76

2) Ehime Prefecture Case77

3) Miscellaneous Cases79

4) Enshrinement Case82

Chapter 5 Equality and Issues of Discrimination and Family85

A) Racial and Ethnic Discrimination85

1) United States85

2) Japan91

3) What You See May Not Be What You Get92

a) Non-Japanese Citizens93

b) Burakumin102

c) Ainu105

B) Sex Discrimination and the Family110

1) United States110

2) Japan117

3) What You See May Not Be What You Get123

a) Family Law Issues123

b) Sex Discrimination142

Chapter 6 The Judiciary157

A) United States157

B) Japan162

C) What You See May Not Be What You Get167

1) Judicial 'Independence'171

2) Judicial Review174

a) Pharmacy Location Case from Hiroshima176

b) Patricide Case178

c) The Forest Division Case179

d) The Voting Rights Apportionment Cases180

e) The Post Office Liability Case184

f) The Overseas Voting Case185

g) The Effect of a Finding of Unconstitutionality187

h) Judicial Review - Restrictions188

Chapter 7 The Legal Profession193

A) United States193

B) Japan195

C) What You See May Not Be What You Get199

Chapter 8 Article 9 - Renunciation of War - Military Power and Responsibility211

A) United States211

B) Japan213

C) What You See May Not Be What You Get217

1) Article 9 - Interpretation218

2) Article 9 - Litigation224

a) The Sunakawa case225

b) The Naganuma case226

c) The Hyakuri Air Base case227

d) The Okinawa Mandamus Case228

e) Recent Lower Court Cases229

3) Political Challenges230

4) Article 9 - Terrorism231

5) Command and Control233

6) Constitutional Transformation and Constitutional Amendment235

Chapter 9 Treaties241

A) United States241

B) Japan242

C) What You See May Not Be What You Get242

Chapter 10 Corporate Matters261

A) United States261

B) Japan264

C) What You See May Not Be What You Get266

Chapter 11 Contracts303

A) United States303

B) Japan307

C) What You See May Not Be What You Get309

1) Contracts Take Account of Changing Circumstances314

2) Contracts Dealing with Continuing Relationships May Have Special 'Good Faith' Obligations Attached316

3) Consumer Contracts320

4) Means of Enforcement Are Different321

Chapter 12 Civil Litigation325

A) United States325

B) Japan326

C) What You See May Not Be What You Get328

1) Access to the Judicial System338

2) Civil Procedure340

a) United States340

b) Japan345

c) Remedy357

d) Role of the Public363

e) Alternative Dispute Resolution and Other Extra-Judicial Remedies365

f) Judicial Reform370

Chapter 13 Criminal Law377

A) United States377

B) Japan382

C) What You See May Not Be What You Get387

1) General Comment387

2) Procedural Fairness vs. Substantive Justice387

3) Objectives of the System - Punishment vs. Rehabilitation387

4) Respect vs. Mistrust of Officialdom -388

a) United States389

b) Japan392

Ⅰ) Substantive Criminal Law392

Ⅱ) Procedural Law395

Ⅲ) Police396

Ⅳ) Prosecutor406

Investigation Function409

Quasi-Judicial Function411

Ⅴ) Defense Counsel418

Ⅵ) Judge and Trial419

Ⅶ) Defendant428

c) Constitutional Guarantees and Protections Afforded the Criminal Suspect and Accused429

Confession429

Right to Counsel431

'No Person Shall Be Compelled to Testify against Himself437

Immunity from Prosecution439

Bail440

Speedy Trial441

Double Jeopardy Prohibited442

d) Reform Proposals and Action Taken on Proposals444

Chapter 14 Administrative Law455

A) United States455

B) Japan461

C) What You See May Not Be What You Get463

1) Kokoku Suits to Review Administrative Action463

a) Standing464

b) Disposition or Shobun470

c) Judicial Restraint - Substitutes for Administrative Review474

d) Judicial Reform475

2) Administrative Guidance475

3) Administrative Procedure490

4) Other Administrative Matters492

Chapter 15 Unifying Factors497

A) Harmony and a Balancing of Societal Interests vs. Individual Rights501

B) The Common Sense of Society vs. Strict Interpretation - the Consensus of the Community506

C) Group vs. Personal Interests515

D) Substantive Justice517

Chapter 16 Conclusion519

Index523

Table of Japanese Cases537

Table of United States Cases547