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PAUPER MANAGEMENT IMPROVED1

BOOK Ⅰ. PLAN OF A COMPANY， FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF THE CONCERNS OF THE POOR ALL OVER ENGLAND3

Ⅰ. General Authority3

Ⅱ. Constitution3

Ⅲ. Funds， or Assets5

Ⅳ. Coercive Powers5

Ⅴ. Obligations6

Ⅵ. Collateral Powers9

Ⅶ. Restraints10

Ⅷ. Director’s Oath11

Ⅸ. Sources of Profit12

Ⅹ. Capital Requisite16

Ⅺ. Terms with the Public19

Ⅻ. Provision for Existing Interests21

BOOK Ⅱ. PLAN OF MANAGEMENT23

Chapter Ⅰ. Classes Mustered23

General Review57

Chapter Ⅱ. Separation and Association61

Chapter Ⅲ. Buildings and Land75

Ⅰ. Quantum75

Ⅱ. Size， Number and Distribution84

Ⅲ. Land95

Ⅳ. Building Plan95

Chapter Ⅳ. Management Rules112

Introductory Observations112

Ⅰ. Managing Hands —Means112

Ⅱ. Managers—Motives115

Ⅲ. Employ Hands—Means119

Ⅳ. Employ Hands—Motives123

Ⅴ. Relief131

Ⅵ. Dead Stock132

Chapter Ⅴ. Offcial Establishment136

Chapter Ⅵ. Of Diet139

Ⅰ. Of Diet—Considered with respect to physical exigency—habit and fashion out of the question140

Ⅱ. Diet—Habit and Fashion taken into the account142

Chapter Ⅶ. Cloathing， Bedding &c.144

Chapter Ⅷ. Of Employment144

Ⅰ. Self-supply sufficient， if compleat145

Ⅱ. Government-War-supply147

Ⅲ. Miscellaneous sources149

Chapter Ⅸ. Child-Nursing151

Chapter Ⅹ. Book-keeping151

Books， Uses General151

Chapter Ⅺ. Appropriate Establishments153

Ⅰ. Insane154

Ⅱ. Deaf and Dumb160

Ⅲ. Blind163

Ⅳ. Cripples166

Ⅴ. Conclusion166

Chapter Ⅻ. Pauper Education167

Ⅰ. Education in general167

Ⅱ. Subject Matter： Occupations171

Ⅲ. Positions177

Ⅳ. Intellectual Occupations181

Ⅴ. Studies Useless183

Ⅵ. Studies Useful187

BOOK Ⅲ. COLLATERAL BENEFITS197

Chapter Ⅰ. Employment secured197

Chapter Ⅱ. Mendicity extirpated210

Ⅰ. Compulsion necessary210

Ⅱ. Mendicitatis Mala210

Ⅲ. Powers accordingly214

Ⅳ. Time of Detention216

Ⅴ. Probation Period218

Ⅵ. Beggars Who？218

Ⅶ. Almsgivers exempt219

Ⅷ. Jus existens220

Chapter Ⅲ. Habitual Depredation extirpated233

Ⅰ. Compulsion necessary233

Ⅱ. Evidence235

Ⅲ. Families240

Ⅳ. Jus existens244

Ⅴ. Other Plans’ inefficaciousness246

Chapter Ⅳ. Temporary Indigence relieved247

Chapter Ⅴ. Frugality assisted248

Chapter Ⅵ. Pecuniary Remittance facilitated to the Poor249

Chapter Ⅶ . Distant Conveyance facilitated to the Poor249

Chapter Ⅷ . Imprisonment rendered unexpensive and reformative249

Chapter Ⅸ. Domestic Morality enforced249

Chapter Ⅹ. National Force strengthened without Expence250

Chapter Ⅺ. nfant Mortality diminished250

Chapter Ⅻ. Useful Knowledge augmented and disseminated253

Chapter ⅩⅢ. Voluntary Charity assisted253

BOOK IV. PAUPER COMFORTS259

Ⅰ. Introduction259

Ⅱ. Comforts of Course260

Ⅲ. Appropriate Comforts：—or Comforts exclusively or particularly applicable to particular classes260

Ⅳ. Extra-Comforts. Species or Funds262

Ⅴ. Apprentices266

BOOK V. FINANCIAL GROUNDS272

Chapter Ⅰ. Numbers for which provision is to be made272

Ⅰ. Natural Stock272

Ⅱ. Accumulation Stock292

Chapter Ⅱ. Pecuniary Estimates309

Estimate Defended309

Chapter Ⅲ. Provision for existing Interests321

Chapter Ⅳ. Advantages to Government321

Chapter Ⅴ. Prospect of Success322

Ⅰ. General Expence [and] General Returns322

Ⅱ. Advantages that would be possessed by the proposedscheme of Management， in comparison with privatemanagement on the one hand， and Governmentmanagement on the other325

Ⅲ. Objections to the probability of so much of the profit asdepends upon the Apprentice plan334

Ⅳ. Concluding Observations374

Chapter Ⅵ. Deciencies in Subscription Capital， how supplyable379

BOOK Ⅵ. CONSTITUTION DEFENDED383

Chapter Ⅰ. Company One383

Ⅰ. Options383

Ⅱ. Advantages Sacrificed385

Chapter Ⅱ. Company， not Government395

Ⅰ. Common Advantages395

Ⅱ. Government Advantages395

Ⅲ. Company’s Advantages. 1. Eligibility396

Ⅳ. Company’s Advantages. 2. Feasibility404

Chapter Ⅲ. Authorities unconnected， as well as uninterested， still more incompetent405

APPENDICES TO PAUPER MANAGEMENT IMPROVED409

APPENDIX A409

Employ409

Ⅰ. Employ Improper409

Ⅱ. Employ Proper—Rules422

Ⅲ. Employ Proper—Own Supply433

APPENDIX B Anti-scarcity Magazines439

APPENDIX C Royal Society. Numbers—Math[ematics]442

Ⅰ. Definitions442

Ⅱ. Assumptions， or Positions assumed445

Ⅲ. Propositions449

APPENDIX D Joint-Stock—Why454

APPENDIX E Unsent Letter（s） to Arthur Young459

SITUATION AND RELIEF OF THE POOR467

Pauper Population Table between 470 and471

Observations on the Pauper Population Table hereunto annexed471

Table of Cases calling for Relief between 476 and477

Observations on the Table of Cases calling for Relief， hereto annexed477

Outline of the Non-Adult Value Table478

OUTLINE OF A WORK ENTITLED PAUPER MANAGEMENT IMPROVED487

Table of Contents487

BOOK I. POLITICAL ARRANGEMENTS488

Ⅰ. Managing Authority488

Ⅱ. General Scheme of Provision488

Ⅲ. Ways and Means489

Ⅳ. Constitution490

Ⅴ. Coercive Powers491

Ⅵ. Land-purchasing Powers491

Ⅶ. Obligations492

Ⅷ. Restraints493

Ⅸ. Order of the Dividends494

Ⅹ. Provision for existing Interests495

Ⅺ. Director’s Oath495

BOOK Ⅱ. PLAN OF MANAGEMENT497

Chapter Ⅱ. Separation and Aggregation497

Chapter Ⅲ. Buildings and Land500

Ⅰ. Size， number， and distribution of the Industry houses500

Ⅱ. Plan of an Industry House， with its Appurtenances502

Ⅲ. Approach and out-lying Cottages508

Ⅳ. Means of Separation509

Ⅴ. Means of extension511

Chapter Ⅳ. Principles of Management514

Ⅰ. Managing Hands. —Means514

Ⅱ. Managing Hands.—Motives515

Ⅲ. Working Hands. —Employment518

Ⅳ. Working Hands. —Motives521

Ⅴ. Working Hands.—Fare524

Ⅵ. Dead-Stock525

Ⅶ. Non -Adult Hands526

Chapter Ⅴ. Official Establishment528

Ⅰ. Officers.—Numbers and Functions528

Ⅱ. Pay528

Ⅲ. Powers and Restraints528

Ⅳ. Encouragements530

Ⅴ. Visitors530

Chapter Ⅵ. Diet530

Chapter Ⅶ. Cloathing， Bedding &c.534

Chapter Ⅷ. Employment536

Chapter Ⅸ. Child-nursing540

Chapter Ⅹ. Book-keeping541

Chapter Ⅺ. Appropriate Establishments549

Chapter Ⅻ. Pauper Education550

BOOK Ⅲ. COLLATERAL BENEFITS560

Introduction560

Chapter Ⅰ. Employment secured561

Chapter Ⅱ. Mendicity extirpated568

1. Compulsion indispensable568

2. Compulsion justifiable569

3. Plan for the Apprehension of Beggars570

4. Provision after Discharge571

5. Evasions obviated572

6. Almsgivers unpunishable572

7. Exisiting Remedies incompetent572

Chapter Ⅲ. Habitual Depredation extirpated575

1. Compulsion indispensable575

2. Proof of Habitual Depredation576

3. Families of the Disreputable Classes577

4. Efficiency of this Plan578

5. Ulterior securities579

6. Existing Law incompetent580

Chapter Ⅳ. Temporary Indigence relieved580

Chapter Ⅴ. Frugality assisted582

1. Exigencies， operating as efficient causes， or sources of demand， for funds in store， in the sphere of life in question， viz. that of the self-maintaining poor582

2. Sources of funds in store584

3. Difficulty of Hoarding585

4. Properties to be wished for in a System of Frugality- Banks586

5. Plan for a System of Frugality-Banks587

6. Friendly-SocietyBanks inadequate589

7. Exigencies to which the Company’s Bank is least competent601

Chapter Ⅵ. Pecuniary Remittance facilitated to the Poor606

Chapter Ⅶ.Distant Conveyance facilitated to the Poor607

Chapter Ⅷ. Imprisonment rendered unexpensive and reformative609

Chapter Ⅸ. Domestic Morality enforced611

Chapter Ⅹ. National Force strengthened without Expence613

1. Land Force613

2. Naval Force615

3. Naval Timber616

Chapter Ⅺ. Rate of Infant Mortality diminished617

Chapter Ⅻ. Useful Knowledge augmented and disseminated624

Chapter ⅩⅢ. Voluntary Charity assisted and directed632

BOOK Ⅳ. PAUPER COMFORTS637

1. Introduction637

2. Comforts of Course， extended to all Classes： together with the several Points of Management from which， as from their Effcient Causes， they may respectively be expected637

3. Appropriate Comforts； extended by special Care to Classes ordinarily bereft of them644

4. Extra-comforts：—to be imparted to more or fewer， according to Claims， Means， and Opportunities645

5. Funds and Grounds of Title [in regard to] Extra- comforts647

6. Company’s Apprentices—their Condition in Point of Comfort649

APPENDICES TO OUTLINE OF A WORK ENTITLED PAUPER MANAGEMENT IMPROVED663

APPENDIX F Classes Mustered663

APPENDIX G Education Intellectual671

APPENDIX H Management， why in one Authority， not several678

APPENDIX I Management， why in a Company， not Government682

APPENDIX J Letter to an unidentified periodical684

COLLATION694

INDEX OF SUBJECTS697

INDEX OF NAMES807