英国文学简史 增订本 第2版2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

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PART ONE EARLY AND MEDIEVAL ENGLISH LITERATURECHAPTERS1

1．The Making of England1

The Britons1

The Roman Conquest1

The English Conquest2

The Social Condition of the Anglo-Saxons2

Anglo-Saxon Religious Belief and Its Influence2

2．Beowulf3

Anglo-Saxon Poetry3

The Story of Beowulf3

Features of Beowulf　　4

Analysis of Its Content　　4

3．Feudal England5

The Danish Invasion 　5

The Norman Conquest 　5

The Influence of the Norman Conquest on the English Language　5

Social Feature of the Feudal England 　6

The Miseries of the Peasants　　6

The Rising of 1381　　7

The Content of the Romance　7

The Romance Cycles　8

The Class Nature of the Romance　　8

Malory's Le Morte D'Arthur　　8

1．A Medieval Knight8

2．The Knights of the Round Table at King Arthur's Court9

A Picture of Feudal England　　10

3．Sir Launcelot in His Madness10

4．Langland10

Piers the Plowman and Its Author　　10

4．Ploughing with Oxen in the Time of Langland11

Artistic Features　14

5．The English Ballads16

Oral Literature　　16

The Ballads　　16

5．Robin Hood, Scarlet and Little John17

The Robin Hood Ballads　　17

6．Chaucer18

Life　18

6．Geoffrey Chaucer19

Chaucer's Literary Career　　20

Troilus and Criseyde20

The Canterbury Tales(1387—1400)21

PART TWO THE ENGLISH RENAISSANCECHAPTERS21

7．The Pilgrims at Table21

8．Canterbury Pilgrims22

9．The Wife of Bath23

The New Monarchy26

1．Old England in Transition26

The Reformation26

The English Bible27

10．Tyndale's Bible and Authorized Version27

The Enclosure Movement28

11．Illustration to The Book of Job in The Old Testament(Painting by William Blake)28

The Renaissance and Humanism29

The Commercial Expansion29

The War with Spain29

12．Caxton's Printing(c.1491)30

William Caxton30

13．Thomas More31

Life　　31

2．More31

The Beginning of the English Renaissance31

Utopia,Book One32

Utopia　　32

Utopia,Book Two33

14．The Island of Utopia(Illustration to More's Utopia)34

More's Limitations35

The Flourishing of Literature36

3．The Flowering of English Literature36

Engels on the Renaissance36

Sidney and Raleigh37

15．Philip Sidney38

16．Edmund Spenser39

Edmund Spenser39

17．The Shepherds' Calendar (An Illustration)40

John Lyly42

18．Title Page of Lyly's Euphues(1579)42

19．Francis Bacon43

Francis Bacon43

4．Drama44

The Miracle Play44

The Classical Drama45

The London Theatre45

The Interlude45

The Morality Play45

The Audience46

20．Elizabethan Stage(A Comtempory Drawing)46

Life47

5．Marlowe47

The Playwrights47

21．Robert Greene47

22．Christopher Marlowe48

Work48

23．Tamburlaine the Great(Illustration to Marlowe's Play)49

Doctor Faustus50

Social Significance of Marlowe's Plays51

Marlowe's Literary Achievement52

24．William Shakespeare(Portrait in the First Folio of His Plays)53

Life53

6．Shakespeare53

25．Trinity Church,Stratford-on-Avon54

A Chronological List of Shakespeare's Plays56

Periods of Shakespeare's Dramatic Composition58

26．Romeo and Juliet59

27．Portia(Illustration to The Merchant of Venice)64

The Great Comedies64

The Mature Histories67

28．Falstaff Disowned by King Hal71

29．Sir John Falstaff73

The Great Tragedies76

30．Macbeth and the Three Witches79

Hamlet80

31．Title Page of Hamlet(1603)80

32．Hamlet and Ophelia(An Illustration)81

The Poems85

The Later Comedies85

Features of Shakespeare's Drama87

33．The Monument to Shakespeare87

34．Ben Jonson89

7．Ben Jonson89

PART THREE THE PERIOD OF THE ENGLISH BOURGEOIS REVOLUTIONCHAPTERS89

35．Robert Herrick90

The Weakening of the Tie Between Monarchy and Bourgeoisie92

The ClashesBetween the King and Parliament92

1．The English Revolution and the Restoration92

The Bourgeois Dictatorship and the Restoration93

The Outburst of the English Revolution93

The Split within the Revolutionary Camp93

Literature of the Revolution Period94

The Religious Cloak of the English Revolution94

Life and Work95

2．Milton95

36．Young John Milton95

37．John Milton98

38．Milton Composing Paradise Lost100

Paradise Lost101

39．Title Page of Milton's Paradise Lost(First Edition,1667)102

Samson Agonistes104

Brief Summary105

40．Samson Agonistes105

3．Bunyan106

Life106

41．John Bunvan107

The Pilgrim's Progress108

42．Bunyan's Dream(Illustration to The Pilgrim's Progress)108

43．Christian and Hopeful in the Dungeon(An Illustration to The Pilgrim's Progress)109

44．John Donne110

4．Metaphysical Poets and Cavalier Poets110

John Donne110

George Herbert112

Andrew Marvell112

Henry Vaughan113

5．Some Prose-Writers113

Robert Burton114

Thomas Browne114

45．Robert Burton114

46．Thomas Browne(A Statue)115

Jeremy Taylor115

Izaak Walton115

6．Restoration Literature116

Restoration Comedy116

PART FOUR THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURYCHAPTERS117

John Dryden117

47．John Dryden118

1．The Enlightenment and Classicism in English Literature119

The Enlightenment and 18th Century England119

48．Richard Steele121

Classicism121

2．Addison and Steele121

Steele and The Tatler121

Addison and The Spectator123

49．The Tatler(No.104)123

50．Joseph Addison124

51．Title-Page of The Spectator125

3．Pope126

Life126

52．Alexander Pope(A Full-length Portrait)127

Work127

53．The Rape of the Lock(Cover Design)128

Early Life130

4．Swift130

Workmanship and Limitation130

54．Jonathan Swift131

A Tale of a Tub and The Battle of the Books131

BickerstaffAlmanac(1708)132

55．Gulliver in Lilliput133

Gulliver's Travels133

56．Gulliver in Brobdingnag134

Pamphlets on Ireland135

57．Dr.Swift,Dean of St.Patrick's136

Illness and Death136

Swift's Style137

The Rise of the English Novel138

5．Defoe and the Rise of the English Novel138

58．Daniel Defoe139

Defoe139

59．Defoe in the Pillory(A Painting)140

Defoe's Novels141

Robinson Crusoe142

60．Robinson Crusoe(An Illustration)142

61．Discovering a Footprint(Illustration to Robinson Crusoe)143

6．Richardson144

62．Samuel Richardson145

7．Fielding147

Life147

63．Henry Fielding(Portrait by William Hogarth)148

Fielding as a Playwright149

Joseph Andrews150

Jonathan Wild153

Tom Jones155

Summary159

Smollett161

8．Smollett and Sterne161

64．Laurence Sterne164

Sterne164

9．18th Century Drama and Sheridan166

18th Century English Drama166

Sheridan167

65．Riehard Brinsley Sheridan168

66．Sheridan Viewing the Burning of Drury Lane Theatre168

67．Dr.Samuel Johnson170

10．Johnson170

Life170

Johnson's Dictionary171

68．Dr.Johnson and Boswell(Sketch by Boswell)172

11．Goldsmith172

Life172

Boswell's Life of Johnson172

69．Oliver Goldsmith173

Work174

70．Dr.Johnson Rescuing Goldsmith from His Landlady174

71．Sweet Smiling Village of Auburn(Illustration to Goldsmith's The Deserted Village)175

Life178

12．Gibbon178

72．Edward Gibbon179

The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire180

73．Thomas Gray181

Sentimentalism in English Poetry181

13．Sentimentalism and Pre-Romanticism in Poetry181

74．William Cowper182

Pre-Romanticism182

75．Death of Thomas Chatterton183

76．William Blake184

14．Blake184

Life184

Songs of Innocence(1789)and Songs of Experience(1794)186

77．Songs of Innocence(Book Cover)186

78．Songs of Experience(Book Cover)187

The Marriage of Heaven and Hell(1790)188

79．The Tiger(Poem and Picture by Blake)188

Blake's Position in English Literature189

Life189

15．Burns189

80．Robert Burns190

The Poetry of Burns192

PART FIVE ROMANTICISM IN ENGLANDCHAPTERS196

Features of Burns' Poetry196

81．"We twa hae paidl'd in the burn,Frae morning sun till dine."(Illustration to Burns's Song Auld Lang Syne)198

1．The Romantic Period199

2．Wordsworth201

82．William Wordsworth202

83．Wordsworth in Old Age205

Coleridge206

84．Samuel Taylor Coleridge206

3．Coleridge and Southey206

85．The Ancient Mariner(An Illustration)207

86．Illustration to The Ancient Mariner208

87．S.T.Coleridge(A Plaque)209

Southey210

4．Byron210

Life210

88．Byron211

89．Byron in 1814(In Albanian Costume)213

Childe Harold's Pilgrimage214

Don Juan216

90．An Illustration to Don Juan217

91．Haidee(Illustration to Don Juan)218

93．Percy B.Shelley220

92．Byron in 1823220

5．Shelley220

Life220

94．The Burning of Shelley's Body222

Queen Mab223

The Revolt of Islam224

Prometheus Unbound225

The Masque of Anarchy and Other Political Lyrics227

Lyrics on Nature and Love228

A Defence of Poetry230

6．Keats231

Life231

95．John Keats231

Long Poems233

96．Lorenzo and Isabella(Illustration to Keats's Poem Isabella or The Pot of Basil)234

Short Poems237

97．Keats in 1821(Painted in Rome)238

98．"Here lies one whose name was writ in water."(Keats'Grave in Rome)239

7．Lamb240

99．Charles Lamb241

Life241

Lamb's Literary Career242

The Essays of Elia243

100．Charle Lamb in 1823243

8．Hazlitt and Leigh Hunt244

Hazlitt244

101．William Hazlitt245

Leigh Hunt248

102．Leigh Hunt248

9．De Quincey249

103．Thomas De Quincey250

10．Scott251

Life251

104．Walter Scott251

His Historical Novels252

105．"For Better or for Worse":Rob Roy and the Bailie(Illustration to Rob Roy)253

106．Ivanhoe(A Film Poster)254

Features of Scott's Historical Novels255

PART SIX ENGLISH CRITICAL REALISMCHAPTERS255

1．The Rise of Critical Realism in England257

Social Background257

Chartist Movement and Chartist Literature258

107．Ernest Jones260

English Critical Realism261

2．Dickens263

108．Charles Dickens at 24263

Dickens' Novels265

The First Period(1836—1841)266

109．Mr.Pickwick267

110．First Appearance of Sam Weller(Illustration to The Pickwick Papers)268

111．Illustration to Oliver Twist269

112．Fagin in the Condemned Cell(Illustration to Oliver Twist)270

The Second Period(1842—1850)272

113．Mr.Pecksniff(Illustration to Martin Chuzzlewit)273

114．Edith and Carker(Illustration to Dombey and Son)275

115．Changes at Home(Illustration to David Copperfield)277

116．"I am hospitably received by Mr.Peggotty."(Illustration to David Copperfield)278

The Third Period(1851—1870)279

117．Mr.Micawber279

118．In the Bastille(Illustration to A Tale of Two Cites)282

Dickens:Man and Writer285

119．Dickens:The Last Reading285

120．Charles Dickens(A Photo)286

3．Thackeray287

Life and Work287

121．William Makepeace Thackeray287

122．Becky Sharp and Joseph(Illustration to Vantity Fair)289

Vanity Fair:A Novel Without a Hero289

123．Becky Sharp and Her Husband Rawdon(Illustration to Vanity Fair)290

124．W.M.Thackeray(A Contemporary Drawing)291

Jane Austen(1775—1817)292

4．Some Women Novelists292

125．Jane Austen(A Drawing by Her Sister Cassandra)293

The Brontё Sisters293

126．Charlotte Brontё295

127．Emily Brontё(Oil Painting by Her Brother Branwell)296

Mrs.Gaskell297

128．Heathcliff and Catherine(Illustration to Wuthering Heights)297

129．Mrs.E.C.Gaskell298

PART SEVEN PROSE-WRITERS AND POETS OF THE MID AND LATE 19TH CENTURYCHAPTERS299

George Eliot299

131．George Eliot299

130．An Illustration to Mrs.Gaskell's Cranford299

132．Hetty Sorrel(Illustration to Adam Bede)300

1．Carlyle304

Thomas Carlyle304

133．Thomas Carlyle305

Sartor Resartus306

Heroes and Hero-Worship307

The French Revolution307

Past and Present308

Carlyle as a Literary Critic308

Engels on Carlyle308

2．Ruskin and Some Other Prose-Writers309

Ruskin309

134．John Ruskin310

135．Matthew Arnold313

Arnold313

Macaulay316

136．Thomas Babington Macaulay316

3． Tennyson317

Tennyson's Life and Career318

137．Alfred Tennyson319

In Memoriam319

The Idylls of theKing321

138．Sir Galahad(Illustration to The Idylle ofthe King)321

4．The Brownings322

Browning's Early Life and Career322

139．Robert Browning at 43323

Elizabeth Barrett(Mrs.Browning)324

140．Mrs.Elizabeth Browning324

141．Illustration to Sonnets from the Portuguese325

Browning's Main Achievement in Poetry326

142．Illustration to Browning's Home Thoughts from Abroad327

Browning's Short Lyrics327

144．Robert Browning in Old Age329

143．The Pied Piper of Hamelin(An Illustration)329

145．Dante Gabriel Rossetti330

Dante Gabriel Rossetti330

5．The Rossettis and Swinburne330

146．Lady Lilith(Illustration to D.G.Rossetti's The House of life)332

Christina Georgina Rossetti(1830—1894)332

147．Christina Rossetti(By D.G.Rossetti)333

Fitzgerald's Rubaiyat334

148．"Buy from us with a Golden Curl"(D.G.Rossetti's Illustration to Christina Rossetti's Goblin Market)334

Algernon Charles Swinburne336

6．William Morris337

149．Algernon Charles Swinburne337

Life338

150．William Morris338

A Dream of John Ball340

News from Nowhere341

151．Kelmscott Manor(William Morris' Woodcut in News from Nowhere)342

7．Literary Trends at the End of the Century344

Naturalism344

152．Robert Louis Stevenson346

Neo-Romanticism346

Aestheticism347

PART EIGHT TWENTIETH CENTURY ENGLISH LITERATURECHAPTERS347

153．Walter Pater348

155．Illustration to Wilde's Salomé(By Aubrey Beardsley)349

154．Oscar Wilde349

1．The New Century:Social and Historical Background351

2．English Novel of Early 20th Century352

The Realists352

Kipling Bennett and Conrad353

156．Illustration to Kipling's The Jungle Book354

157．Arnold Bennet(A Caricature)354

158．Joseph Conrad355

159．Henry James356

Henry James356

Katharine Mansfield357

3．Hardy357

Life and Work357

Tess of the D'Urbervilles358

160．Thomas Hardy358

161．Tess and Angel Clare(An Illustration to Tess of the D'urbervilles)359

Jude the Obscure359

4．Galsworthy360

Life and Work360

The Forsyte Saga361

162．John Galsworthy361

The Abbey Theatre and Lady Gregory363

5．The Irish Dramatic Movement363

163．Abbey Theatre Group(J.M.Synge,Sir Hugh Lane,W.B.Yeats and Lady Gregory)364

J.M.Synge364

O'Casey364

6．Bernard Shaw365

Life365

164．George Bernard Shaw365

Dramatic Work367

Mrs.Warren's Profession368

Major Barbara370

Heartbreak House371

165．Rupert Brooke372

7．Some Poets of Early 20th Century372

166．John Masefield373

Imagism374

8．Modernism in Poetry374

W.B.Yeats375

167．William Butler Yeats(In Early Years)375

T.S.Eliot377

168．W.B.Yeats(Portrait by His Father John B.Yeats)377

169．T.S.Eliot(in 1921)378

9．The Psychological Fiction380

170．T.S.Eliot380

D.H.Lawrence380

171．D.H.Lawrence381

The "Stream of Consciousness" School of Novel383

James Joyce383

172．James Joyce384

Virginia Woolf386

173．Virginia Woolf386

10．Robert Tressell:A Working-Class Novelist389

Ralph Fox and The Novel and the People392

11．Marxist Literary Criticism392

174．Ralph Fox393

Christopher Caudwell395

PART NINE POETS AND NOVELISTS WHO WROTE BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER THE SECOND WORLD WARCHAPTERS396

Other Marxist Critics396

1．Social and Historical Background397

2．W.H.Auden398

175．W.H.Auden399

176．W.H.Auden(A Sketch)402

177．W.H.Auden(In Old Age)405

3．Dylan Thomas406

178．Dylan Thomas in 1938406

179．Dylan Thomas407

180．Dylan Thomas on His Book Cover409

4．Hugh MacDiarmid410

181．Hugh MacDiarmid410

182．Hugh MacDiarmid:Selected Poetry(Book Cover)414

5．E.M.Forster417

183．E.M.Forster417

6．Evelyn Waugh420

184．Evelyn Waugh421

7．Graham Greene423

185．Graham Greene423

8．Aldous Huxley425

Point Counter Point426

186．Aldous Huxley(A Caricature)426

Brave New World427

9．George Orwell428

187．George Orwell428

188．George Orwell:1987(Book Cover)430

10．William Golding431

189．William Golding431

190．Doris Lessing433

ILLUSTRATIONS433

11．Doris Lessing433

191．The Golden Notebook(Book Cover)434

192．Doris Lessing's Autobiography(Book Cover)435

193．Doris Lessing(A Caricature)436