程序设计语言 概念和结构 英文版2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

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Ⅰ INTRODUCTION1

1 The Role of Programming Languages3

1.1 Toward Higher-Level Languages4

1.2 Problems of Scale8

1.3 Programming Paradigms11

1.4 Language Implementation:Bridging the Gap18

EXERCISES21

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES23

2 Language Description:Syntactic Structure25

2.1 Expression Notations28

2.2 Abstract Syntax Trees31

2.3 Lexical Syntax33

2.4 Context-Free Grammars35

2.5 Grammars for Expressions41

2.6 Variants of Grammars46

EXERCISES49

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES52

Ⅱ IMPERATIVE PROGRAMMING55

3.1 The Need for Structured Ptogramming59

3 Statements:Structured Programming59

3.2 Syntax-Directed Control Flow63

3.3 Design Considerations:Syntax72

3.4 Handling Special Cases in Loops77

3.5 Programming with Invariants80

3.6 Proof Rules for Partial Correctness86

3.7 Control flow in C90

EXERCISES94

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES99

4 Types:Data Representation101

4.1 The Role of Types102

4.2 Basic Types107

4.3 Arrays:Sequences of Elements111

4.4 Records:Named Fields117

4.5 Unions and Variant Records120

4.6 Sets123

4.7 Pointers:Efficiency and Dynamic Allocation125

4.8 Two String Tables133

4.9 Types and Error Checking136

EXERCISES143

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES146

5 Procedure Activations147

5.1 Introduction to Procedures148

5.2 Parameter-Passing Methods155

5.3 Scope Rules for Names160

5.4 Nested Scopes in the Source Text166

5.5 Activation Records172

5.6 Lexical Scope:Procedures as in C181

5.7 Lexical Scope:Nested Procedures and Pascal190

EXERCISES198

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES202

Ⅲ OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING205

6 Groupings of Data and Operations209

6.1 Constructs for Program Structuring210

6.2 Information Hiding217

6.3 Program Design with Modules220

6.4 Modules and Defined Types229

6.5 Class Declarations in C++232

6.6 Dynamic Allocation in C++238

6.7 Templates:Parameterized Types244

6.8 Implementation of Objects in C++245

EXERCISES248

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES251

7 Object-Oriented Programming253

7.1 What is an Object?253

7.2 Object-Oriented Thinking256

7.3 Inheritance260

7.4 Object-Oriented Programming in C++267

7.5 An Extended C++ Example274

7.6 Derived Classes and Information Hiding281

7.7 Objects in Smalltalk285

7.8 Smalltalk Objects hava a Self291

EXERCISES294

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES299

Ⅳ FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING301

8 Elements of Functional Programming305

8.1 A Little Language of Expressions306

8.2 Types:Values and Operations313

8.3 Function Declarations318

8.4 Approaches to Expression Evaluation321

8.5 Lexical Scope327

8.6 Type Checking331

EXERCISES335

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES339

9 Functional Programming in a Typed Language341

9.1 Exploring a List342

9.2 Function Declaration by Cases346

9.3 Functions as First-Class Values351

9.4 ML:Implicit Types357

9.5 Data Types360

9.6 Exception Handling in ML367

9.7 Little Quilt in Standard ML369

EXERCISES380

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES383

10 Functional Programming with Lists385

10.1 Scheme,a Dialect of Lisp386

10.2 The Structure of Lists392

10.3 List Manipulation396

10.4 A Motivating Example:Differentiation404

10.5 Simplification of Expressions409

10.6 Storage Allocation for Lists413

EXERCISES417

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES421

Ⅴ OTHER PARADIGMS423

11 Logic Programming425

11.1 Computing with Relations426

11.2 Introduction to Prolog430

11.3 Data Structures in Prolog438

11.4 Programming Techniques442

11.5 Control in Prolog450

11.6 Cuts461

EXERCISES470

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES472

12 An Introduction to Concurrent Programming475

12.1 Parallelism in Hardware476

12.2 Streams:Implicit Synchronization478

12.3 Concurrency as Interleaving482

12.4 Liveness Properties485

12.5 Safe Access to Shared Data489

12.6 Concurrency in Ada491

12.7 Synchronized Access to Shared Variables498

EXERCISES507

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES510

Ⅵ LANGUAGE DESCRIPTION513

13 Semantic Methods515

13.1 Synthesized Attributes517

13.2 Attribute Grammars520

13.3 Natural Semantics523

13.4 Denotational Semantics529

13.5 A Calculator in Scheme530

13.6 Lexically Scoped Lambda Expressions532

13.7 An Interpreter535

13.8 An Extension:Recursive Functions542

EXERCISES545

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES546

14 Static Types and the Lambda Calculus547

14.1 Equallty of Pure Lambda Terms549

14.2 Substitution Revisited554

14.3 Computation with Pure Lambda Terms556

14.4 Programming Constructs as Lambda-Terms561

14.5 The Typed Lambda Calculus566

14.6 Polymorphic Types569

EXERCISES576

BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES577

15.1 Pascal:A Teaching Language579

15 A Look at Some Languages579

15.2 C:Syetems Programming583

15.3 C++:A Range of Programming Styles591

15.4 Smalltalk,the Language594

15.5 Standard ML598

15.6 Scheme,a Dialect of Lisp602

15.7 Prolog607

Bibliography613

Credits627

Index629