下一代光网络 IP智能与光子技术的融合 英文版2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

下一代光网络 IP智能与光子技术的融合 英文版PDF格式电子书版下载

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Chapter 1 Introduction to Carrier Network Architectures1

IP as Unifying Protocol Infrastructure1

The Traditional Carrier Network Architecture2

Achieving Long-Haul Connectivity with Optical Transmission4

Delivering Multiplexed Services4

Synchronous Transmission Standards5

Building a Complex SONET/SDH Carrier Network7

Multiplexing and Framing Standards9

Providing Carrier Class Network Availability13

Adding Versatility with Asynchronous Transfer Mode14

ATM Reference Model15

Introducing Statistical Multiplexing16

Transport Multiple Services across a Single Network17

AAL118

AAL219

AAL3/420

AAL520

ATM Services22

ATM Virtual Connections23

Permanent Virtual Connection23

Switched Virtual Connection23

ATM Switching Operation24

ATM Addressing24

Subnetwork Model of Addressing25

NSAP-Format ATM Addresses25

ATM Address Common Components25

ATM Quality of Service26

ATM Signaling and Connection Establishment Overview27

ATM Connection Establishment Procedure28

Signaling Standards28

Connection Request Routing and Negotiation29

Providing Internet Services at the IP Layer29

Introducing the IP Layer on Top of the ATM Layer29

Using Multiprotocol Label Switching for Delivering IP Services31

Scalability Issues of Standard IP Routing Protocols31

The Concept of Using Labels as Forwarding Information32

MPLS-Based Applications36

Next-Generation Carrier Networks38

Eliminating Intermediate Layers in the Backbone39

IP over ATM over SONET/SDH over WDM(1)40

IP over ATM over WDM(2)41

IP over SONET/SDH over WDM(3)41

IP over WDM(4)41

Handling Fiber Capacity Exhaust41

Adding Intelligence to the Optical Layer42

Summary44

Recommended Reading44

Standardiation Activities and Targets47

Chapter 2 Optical Networking Standardization47

Activities of the T1 Committee and Its T1×1 Subcommittee48

Optical Networking Standardization Framework(G.871)48

OTN Architecture(G.872)50

Layered Structure50

OCH Layer Network51

Optical Multiplex Section(OMS)Layer Network52

Optical Transmission Section(OTS)Layer Network52

OMS/OTS Adaptation53

OCH/OMS Adaptation53

Client Signal/OCH Adaptation53

Interlayer Adaptation53

Activities of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering(IEEE)54

10-Gbps Ethernet54

Resilient Packet Rings55

Activities of the Optical Internetworking Forum(OIF)57

OIF Mission57

Standard Physical Layer Interface59

Optical User-to-Network Interface(O-UNI)60

IP-Centric Control and Signaling for Optical Paths60

Activities of the IETF64

Summary64

Recommended Reading65

Chapter 3 Optical Networking Technology Fundamentals67

Optical Transmission Technologies67

Wavelength Division Multiplexing(WDM)68

Attenuation70

Dispersion71

Nonlinear Effects73

Optical Amplifiers74

Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio(OSNR)74

Optical Transmission Systems74

Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers(EDFAs)75

Praseodynamium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers(PDFAs)77

Amplifier Control78

DWDM Systems79

Wavelength Routers83

Electrical Wavelength Routers85

Hybrid Wavelength Routers86

Optical Wavelength Routers87

Data Transmission Technologies90

Packet over SONET/SDH(POS)91

PPP Encapsulation92

Framing94

Interface Format95

Transmission Rate96

Payload Scrambling97

Parallel Implementation98

Word-Oriented POS Framing98

PPP over SONET/SDH at OC-192c/STM-64c98

Automatic Protection Switching(APS)101

APS Channel Protocol101

Cisco s APS Implementation103

APS Switchover Process105

APS Network Layer Interaction105

Dynamic Packet Transport(DPT)105

Encapsulation107

IP Data Packets109

Control Packets110

ATM Data Packets110

Usage Packets112

SRP Phylical Layer Implementation112

Framing112

Interface Format113

Transmission Rate113

Packet Handling Procedures113

Topology Discovery113

Packet Processing115

Multicasting116

Packet Priority117

SRP Fairness Algorithm118

Intelligent Protection Switching120

IPS Messages121

IPS Message Handling State Machine124

Node Pass-Through Mode126

Network Management126

Clocking and Synchronization126

Encapsulation Overhead127

Data Transmission Technology Comparison127

Framing Overhead128

MPLS Traffic Engineering(MPLS-TE)133

MPLS-TE Architecture133

Why MPLS-TE133

MPLS-TE Components135

Defining the Term Traffic Trunk137

Path Selection Policy138

Resource Class Affinity138

Bandwidth138

MPLS-TE Attributes138

Trunk Attributes138

Priority/Preemption139

Adaptability139

Resilience139

Resource Class140

Administrative Weight140

Information Distribution140

Available Bandwidth140

Resource Attributes140

Bandwidth Accounting141

OSPF Extensions142

Router Address TLV145

Link TLV145

IS-IS Extensions146

Router ID TLV147

Extended IP Reachability TLV147

Extended IS Reachability TLV147

Path Computation and Selection148

LSP Setup Procedure149

LSP Tunnel Setup149

LSP Setup Request150

Admission Control151

Explicit Routing151

Label Allocation and LSP Establishment151

RSVP Extensions152

IP Routing using MPLS-TE153

MPLS-TE Protection157

Path Protection157

Optimizing Path Protection159

Restoration Time159

Link/Node Protection160

Network Survivability Principles161

Defining Survivability162

Survivability Concepts163

Protection164

Restoration164

1:N Protection165

1:1 Protection165

Protection Types165

Protection Techniques165

1+1 Protection165

Protection Switching Characteristics166

Protection in Ring Networks167

Two-Fiber UPSR167

Two-Fiber Bidirectional Line-Switched Rings(2-Fiber BLSRs)169

Four-Fiber Bidirectional Line-Switched Rings(4-Fiber BLSR)171

Protection Ring Comparison172

Prenegotiated versus Dynamic Protection173

MPLS Restoration173

End-to-End versus Local Restoration174

Protection Switching Options174

1+1 Protection174

1:N and N:M Protection174

Network Survivability Design175

Survivability Mechanism Categories175

Dedicated Protection175

Restoration Time176

Restoration176

Shared Protection176

Survivability Mechanism Comparison178

Multilayer Survivability180

Survivability Design Trends for Optical Networks180

Eliminating SONET/SDH and ATM180

Putting Intelligence into the Optical Core181

Summary182

Optical Transmission Technologies183

Optical Transmission Systems183

Recommended Reading183

Data Transmission Technologies184

Packet over SONET/SDH184

Dynamic Packet Transport(DPT)184

MPLS Traffic Engineering(MPLS-TE)184

Network Survivability Principles185

Chapter 4 Existing and Future Optical Control Planes187

Static IP Optical Overlay Control Plane189

Static IP Optical Overlay Model189

IP Service Infrastructure189

IP/Optical Adaptation191

Two-Layer Architecture Implementation192

Multiwavelength Transmission194

Bandwidth Management197

Static Optical Control Plane198

IP Service Infrastructure Implementation198

Small Point-to-Point Backbones or Backbone Interconnections199

Large-Scale Hierarchical Backbones200

POP Aggregation204

Switched POP Aggregation204

Point-to-Point POP Aggregation206

DPT Fiber Ring POP Aggregation207

Optical Transport Infrastructure Implementation208

DWDM System Building Blocks208

Transponders210

WDM Network Design211

Topology211

Channel Spacing212

Maximum Line Rate213

Optical Power Budget213

Restoration215

Optical Protection216

Optical Line Protection216

Optical Channel Protection218

Optical Multiplex Section Protection219

Service Layer Restoration221

Automatic Protection Switching221

Intelligent Protection Switching222

Application-Based Restoration223

IP Restoration223

Layer 3 Route Convergence224

Load balancing224

MPLS-TE Fast Reroute225

Dynamic IP Optical Overlay Control Plane226

Wavelength Routing Overlay Model227

Architecture and Elements228

Wavelength Routing Control Plane231

Lightpath Provisioning234

Centralized Lightpath Routing236

Lightpath Attributes236

Distributed Lightpath Routing237

Optical UNI Signaling239

Wavelength Conversion240

Restoration240

Protection Strategy241

Prenegotiated Protection241

Hierarchical Protection243

Local Protection243

Advanced Protection Concepts243

QoS Levels243

On-Demand Protection243

Integrated IP Optical Peer Control Plane244

Applicability Considerations245

Advantages245

Comparing WRs and LSRs245

Comparing LSPs and Lightpaths246

MPLmS Model247

Architecture and Elements248

MPLmS Control Plane249

Optical Routing252

Lightpath Provisioning252

Topology Discovery253

Optical Link State Advertisement254

Optical LSA Objects254

Constrained-Based Routing256

Lightpath (Optical LSP) Signaling257

Concept of Nested LSPs257

RSVP Setup Procedure258

Optical LSP Setup258

Optical LSP Setup in an OTN without Wavelength Conversion260

LSP Aggregation261

Using MPLmSin the Overlay Model262

Restoration263

Summary263

Recommended Reading264

Static IP Optical Overlay Control Plane264

Dynamic IP Optical Overlay Control Plane265

Integrated IP Optical Peer Control Plane265

Optical End-to-End Networking Design Trends267

Chapter 5 Optical Networking Applications and Case Examples267

Service POP268

Metro Solutions272

IP and Optical Metro Evolution273

Core Solutions276

IP and Optical Core Evolution277

Conclusions278

Case Example A:Next-Generation Storage Networks279

Application Requirements283

Common Solutions283

Application Requirements285

Case Example B:Next-Generation Internet Service Provider285

Common Solutions286

Case Example C:Next-Generation Carrier293

Application Requirements294

Common Solutions294

Summary300

Recommended Reading301

Glossary303

Notes311

Index317