心血管系统 英文版2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

心血管系统 英文版PDF格式电子书版下载

注意：本站所有压缩包均有解压码： 点击下载压缩包解压工具

1 A DESIGN SPECIFICATION FOR THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM1

Oxygen consumption2

Carriage of oxygen in blood4

Cyanosis6

The battle against the hydrogen ion:acid-base balance6

Cell injury and cell death7

Overall functional structure of the cardiovascular system9

Circulation time11

Structure and function of blood vessels11

Angiogenesis14

From cradle to grave-the presentation of heart disease14

2 CARDIAC MUSCLE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION17

Cardiac muscle18

Structure of cardiac muscle18

Contractile mechanism in cardiac muscle19

Cardiac electrical activity20

Drugs which act on the heart24

3 THE HEART AS A PUMP:VALVE FUNCTION AND VALVE DISEASE27

Functional anatomy of the heart28

The cardiac cycle29

Valve pathology30

History taking for cardiac disease33

Clinical examination of the cardiovascular system34

Investigations of heart disease:imaging the heart35

Sudden cardiac death37

4 REGULATION OF CARDIAC FUNCTION39

Introduction40

Venous return40

Control of cardiac output41

Regulation of heart rate41

Regulation of stroke volume42

Preload effects on the heart42

Contractility effects on the heart45

Afterload effects on the heart47

Summary48

5 BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE HEART49

Anatomy of the arterial supply and venous drainage of the heart50

Regulation of coronary blood flow51

Ischaemic heart disease53

Thrombosis53

Angina55

Myocardial infarction57

Coronary angioplasty and stenting59

Coronary artery bypass grafting59

6 HEART FAILURE61

Systolic vs diastolic failure62

Haemodynamic events63

Metabolic events in heart failure64

Neurohormonal aspects of heart failure66

Drug therapy for heart failure68

7 THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAM(ECG)71

Introduction72

Producing a 12-lead ECG73

The components of the ECG trace75

Practical use of the ECG76

The ECG and rhythm disturbances78

Cardiac structure and the ECG82

Ischaemia and the ECG83

Potassium and the ECG84

Drugs and the ECG84

8 LARGE BLOOD VESSELS85

Introduction86

Haemorheology:the physical characteristics of blood flow86

Pathology of arteries and veins90

Atherosclerosis90

Vasculitis93

Varicose veins93

Vascular pathology of diabetes mellitus93

Aneurysms94

Non-invasive techniques for the assessment of arteries and veins94

9 RESISTANCE BLOOD VESSELS97

Introduction98

Resistance to blood flow98

Vascular smooth muscle99

Local control of vascular smooth muscle101

Hormonal control of blood vessel diameter105

Autonomic nervous system and peripheral circulation control108

Special circulations108

10 ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE113

Introduction114

Arterial baroreceptors115

Cardiopulmonary reflexes117

Chemoreceptor reflexes117

Measurement of arterial blood pressure117

Pathological consequences of raised arterial pressure121

Treatment of hvpertension122

Hydrostatic pressure in the circulation123

11 CAPILLARY FUNCTION AND THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM125

Structure of capillaries126

Movement of substances across capillary walls127

Water movement across capillary walls127

The lymphatic system130

Oedema132

12 FETAL CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM AND CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE135

Intoduction136

How does the transition from fetal to adult circulation occur?137

The normal ECG in childhood139

Congenital heart disease140

Early and late management of congenital heart disease147

13 EXERCISE AND THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM151

Physiological responses to exercise152

Dynamic(isotonic)exercise152

Oxygen debt and the recovery from exercise155

Cardiovascular responses to static exercise156

Training effects of exercise157

Cardiovascular health benefits of exercise157

Clinical uses of exercise testing158

14 HAEMORRHAGE AND CIRCULATORY SHOCK161

Introduction162

Arterial blood pressure changes in response to haemorrhage162

Short-term responses which help to restore lost blood volume164

Longer term responses which help to restore lost blood volume and electrolytes165

Decompensated or irreversible shock following haemorrhage166

Causes of shock167

Fluid replacement therapy167

Glossary171

Index175