CCNA 2.0考试指南 英文版2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

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Chapter 1 Networking Introduction and Standards1

Computer Hardware Basics2

Bits and Bytes2

Major Computer Systems3

Workstations,Servers,Hosts,and Nodes7

Workstations8

Servers8

Hosts and Nodes9

Peer-to-Peer vs.Server-Based Networks9

Servers11

LANs,WANs,MANs,Networks,and Internetworks12

Communications Media12

Industry Standards13

802 Standards15

International Telecommunications Union(ITU)16

Internet Engineering Task Force(IETF)16

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority(IANA)16

Telecommunications Industry Association(TLA)and Electronic Industries Association(EIA)16

American National Standards Institute(ANSI)17

OSI Reference Model17

Reasons to Use a Layered Model18

The Seven-Layer Overview18

Data Encapsulation21

Summary22

Practice Questions23

Questions23

Answers25

Physical Layer:Layer 127

Chapter 2 OSI Model-Layer 127

Electricity and Electronics28

Signaling31

Threats to Signaling33

Communications Media38

Collisions and Collision Domains49

Layer 1 Components and Devices51

Summary55

Practice Questions55

Questions55

Anewers57

Chapter 3 Topology and Access Methods59

Physical vs.Logical Topology60

Bus Topology60

Topology Options60

Star Topology61

Star-Bus Topology62

Extended Star Topology62

Tree Topology65

Ring Topology65

Dual-Ring Topology67

Mesh or Matrix Topology67

Cellular Topology68

Hierarchical Network Model68

Access Methods69

Ethernet71

Xerox s PARC Facility72

Token Ring75

FDDI78

Broadcasts80

Broadcasts and Collisions80

Collisions81

Summary82

Practice Questions82

Questions82

Answers83

Chapter 4 OSI Model-Layer 285

Data Link Layer:Layer 285

Network Interface Card86

Exercise:Downloading Drivers88

Media Access Control94

Logical Link Control98

Layer 2 Devices99

Bridges100

Network Interface Card100

LAN Switches105

Summary111

Chapter Review111

Case Study:The Elm Park Elementary School111

Practice Questions116

Questions116

Answers118

Chapter 5 OSI Model-Layer 3119

Network Layer:Layer 3120

Names and Addresses120

Routing Data125

Routable vs.Nonroutable Protocols128

Routable vs.Routing Protocols128

Network Protocols128

IP Addressing Basics137

Layer 3 Devices140

TCP/IP Acronyms141

Optional Exercises143

Address Exercise143

Basic Connectivity Exercise147

ARP Exercise150

Network Configuration Exercise151

Summary156

Case Study:The Elm Park Elementary School156

Case Study Suggested Solution158

Practice Questions158

Questions158

Answers160

Chapter 6 OSI Model-Layer 4161

Transport Layer:Layer 4162

Connection-Oriented vs.Connectionless Protocols162

Error Recovery(Reliability)163

Flow Control164

Layer 4 Protocols165

Port Numbers167

TCP Connection Establishment and Termination168

Summary171

Practice Questions172

Questions172

Answers173

Chapter 7 OSI Model-Layers 5,6 and 7175

Session Layer.Layer 5176

Dialogue Separation177

Dialogue Control177

Session Establishment,Termination,and Reestablishment177

Layer 5 Protocols178

Presentation Layer:Layer 6179

Data Formatting179

Data Compression182

Data Encryption184

Format Exercise184

Application Layer:Layer 7185

Network Applications186

Standalone Applications186

Application Layer Example186

Hyperlinks Exercise193

HOSTS Exercise193

Summary196

Questions197

Practice Questions197

Answers199

Chapter 8 Servers and Network Operating Systems201

Network Operating Systems202

Peer-to Peer Network or Server-Based Network202

NOS Choices204

Server Serveices208

Network Security212

Network Security Policies212

Written Company Network Security Policies213

User Accounts214

Groups215

User Profiles217

Server Hardware218

User Policies218

Performance Monitor219

Fault Tolerance221

Redundancy222

Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks(RAID)222

Back-Up Operations224

Uninterruptible Power Supply225

Power Conditioning226

Disaster Recovery Plan226

Anti-Virus Protection227

Summary227

Chapter 9 IP Addressing and Subnetting229

Understanding the Numbers230

Decimal Values230

Binary to Decimal233

Decimal to Binary235

Working with the Table Relationships236

Hexadecimal to Decimal237

Decimal to Hexadecimal238

Hexadecimal and Binary Numbers239

IP Classful Addressing240

Network/Host Relationships241

Class Default Routing Masks242

Private Addresses244

Determining the Number of Hosts244

Determining the Number of Classful Networks245

Things to Remember About Classful Addresses246

IP Classful Subnets249

Simple Solutions250

Not-So-Simple Solutions251

What About Valid Subnets?255

Number of Hosts per Subnet256

Determining a Subnet Address260

Summarize Classful Subnetting262

Classless Inter-Domain Routing(CIDR)263

CIDR as Part of the Solution264

Prefix Notation265

Supernetting265

Variable-Length Subnet Masks(VLSM)267

Why Use Variable-Length Subnet Masks267

Network Address Translation(NAT)268

Using the Windows Calculator270

Using an IP Calculator271

RFC Search274

Summary277

Case Study:Tri-City Medical Group277

Practice Questions280

Questions280

Answers281

Chapter 10 LAN Design283

LAN Design284

Design Goals285

Network Scalability Requirements285

Hierarchical Network Model288

LAN Design Issues290

Gathering and Analyzing Requirements295

Customer Requirements296

Determining the Network Design298

Analyze Information298

Document the Current Network298

Layer 1:Physical Layer299

Layer 2:Data Link Layer304

Layer 3:Network Layer308

Logical and Physical Network Maps309

Summary309

Practice Questions310

Questions310

Answers311

Chapter 11 Elements of Routing313

Routing Fundamentals314

How Addresses Represent Network Paths314

Routing Requirements317

Routing Methods318

Expert Discussion318

Dynamic Routing319

Static Routing322

Default Routing325

Routing Protocol Fundamentals326

Distance-Vector Protocols326

Link-State Protocols337

Summary of Distance-Vector and Link-State Protocols340

Hybrid Routing Protocols340

Interior vs.Exterior Routing Protocols341

Concluding with the Switching Process342

Summary344

Case Study:Xaliphor Advertising345

Xaliphor Advertising——Analysis Worksheet346

Xaliphor Advertising——Analysis Solutions346

Questions347

Practice Questions347

Answers350

Chapter 12 Router Basics and Router Setup353

Cisco Router Models354

Router Interfaces355

Three Levels of Router Implementation359

Expert Discussion360

Hardware Basics365

Cisco IOS368

What You Need for Hands-On Experience371

Exploring a Router375

Console Cable375

Setting Up a Hyper Terminal Session377

Hyper Terminal Exercise377

Command-Line Interface(CLI)379

User and Privilege EXEC Modes380

Configuration Modes381

Router Help Feature382

Using tab to Complete a Word383

IOS Command History383

IOS Editing Commands385

Show Commands385

Basics Exercise385

Capturing the Configuration Exercise392

Cisco Router Setup Feature394

Setting Up Global Parameters395

Sample Setup Session395

Summary396

Questions397

Practice Questions397

Answers399

Chapter 13 Router Configuration401

Router Configuration401

Erasing of Clearing the Router Configuration403

Configuring the Interfaces408

Enabling IP Routing419

Passwords and Router Security447

Device Names and Name Resolution451

Descriptions,Messages,and a Start File457

Cisco IOS460

Router Password Recovery472

ConfigMaker473

Using a Web Browser475

Questions477

Summary477

Practice Questions477

Answers481

Chapter 14 Novell NetWare483

Novell IPX/SPX Protocol Suite484

IPX Addressing485

Encapsulation Methods486

Configuring a Workstation488

Configuring a Router492

IPX Routing500

Connectivity506

IPX SAP and GNS508

Summary509

Questions510

Practice Questions510

Answers512

Chapter 15 Access Control Lists——Managing Network Traffic and Resources513

Access Control Lists(ACLs)514

Why Use ACLs514

ACLs and Network Protocols515

Access List Basics515

IP Access Lists521

IPX Access Lists544

ACLs and Firewall Routers549

Summary551

Practice Questions551

Questions551

Answers559

Chapter 16 LAN Switching561

Legacy Ethernet562

LAN Switching Fundamentals563

Layer 2,Layer 3,and Upper-Layer Switching564

LAN Switching Advantages565

Virtual Local Area Networks574

The Practical Side to VLANs576

VLAN Implementation Methods576

VLAN Communication577

VLAN Benefits578

Overview of the Spanning Tree Protocol582

Summary584

Case Study:Atlantis College584

Design Worksheet for Atlantis College586

Case Study-Suggested Solutions586

Questions587

Practice Questions587

Answers589

Chapter 17 Introduction to Wide Area Networks591

WAN Overview592

Terminology593

WAN Devices594

WAN Connectivity Approaches596

WANs at the Physical Layer599

WANs at the Data Link Layer599

HDLC600

Expert Discussion600

PPP602

LAPB602

Frame Relay603

ISDN604

Summary606

Case Study:Tuvix IT Solutions607

Practice Questions609

Questions610

Answers614

Chapter 18 PPP615

PPP Overview616

PPP and the OSI Model616

PPP Framing617

PPP Stages of Operation618

Link Establishment and Configuration Negotiation619

PPP Link Authentication620

Network Layer Protocol Configuration Negotiation620

Transmission and Link Termination620

Authentication620

Link-Quality Determination620

PAP621

CHAP622

Expert Discussion622

Basic PPP Configuration625

PPP Encapsulation Configuration625

PAP Configuration625

CHAP Configuration625

Verifying PPP626

Summary626

Case Study:Deus Institute627

Case Study-Suggested Solutions628

Configuration Worksheet for the Deus Institute628

Practice Questions629

Questions629

Answers630

Chapter 19 ISDN631

ISDN Elements631

ISDN Services632

ISDN Components634

ISDN Call Setup634

ISDN Reference Points636

ISDN Solutions637

ISDN Remote Connectivity Methods638

ISDN Protocols639

Physical Layer ISDN Protocols640

ISDN at the Data Link Layer640

DDR Overview641

ISDN at the Network Layer641

ISDN BRI Configuration642

Setting the ISDN Switch Type642

Setting the SPID642

Setting the Encapsulation Protocol644

DDR Configuration644

Defining Interesting Traffic644

Specifying Static Routes645

Configuring Dialer Instructions646

Example BRI DDR configuration647

Verifying and Troubleshooting ISDN and DDR648

Summary648

Case Study:Remote Connectivity with ISDN and DDR648

Case Study-Suggested Solutions649

Configuration Worksheet for Remote Office Router649

Practice Questions650

Questions650

Answers653

Chapter 20 Frame Relay655

Frame Relay Elements656

Expert Discussion656

DLCI658

Frame Relay Frame Format659

LMI659

Inverse ARP662

Swapping the DLCI664

Frame Ralay Switching Table664

Frame Relay Traffic Control665

Frame Relay Topologies667

Reachability Issues with Frame Relay669

Subinterface Types671

Frame Relay Configuration675

Enabling Frame Relay Encapsulation675

Specifying the LMI type675

Configuring the Link Bandwidth675

Enabling Inverse ARP676

Configuring a Static Map676

Configuring Subinterfaces676

Steps to Configuring Subinterfaces677

Subinterface Configuration Examples678

Monitorng,Verifying,and Troubleshooting Frame Relay683

The show interfaces serial Command683

The show frame-relay lmi Command684

The show frame-relay map Command685

The show frame-relay pvc Command685

The debug frame-relay Command686

Summary686

Case Study:Zahandra Communications687

Practice Questions690

Questions690

Answers691

Chapter 21 Evolving Internet Connectivity693

Cable Modems693

Cisco Cable Devices695

Always-On Technology696

How Cable Connections Work696

Internet Service on Cable698

Shared Bandwidth Concerns699

Digital Subscriber Line(DSL)699

Different Flavors of DSL Service700

How DSL Works700

Always-On Technology703

Wireless Network Access704

Direct Broadcast Satellite(DBS)704

Multi-Channel Multipoint Distribution Services(MMDS)705

Local Multipoint Distribution Services706

Ricochet707

Network Architecture707

Wireless Local Area Networking707

Wireless LAN standard708

Security708

Summary708

Chapter 22 WAN Design711

WAN Design Considerations712

Network Scalability Requirements713

LAN/WAN Integration715

WAN Design Issues717

WAN Design Requirements717

Customer Requirements719

Gathering Information721

Analyzing Information721

Hierarchical Network Model721

WAN Options725

Selecting the Router728

Summary728

Practice Questions729

Questions729

Answers730

Appendix A Router Configurations731

Glossary745